FRQuick

AP United States History

Grade your APUSH essay

DBQ or LEQ, covering US history from 1491 to today. Paste your draft into this free essay grader, add your documents for a DBQ, and get a score against the real four-category rubric in under 15 seconds.

how it's scored

The DBQ and LEQ share the same four categories. The DBQ adds a third evidence point for outside documents and is worth 7 points total; the LEQ tops out at 6. What changes in APUSH is what each category looks like on the page, so every row below carries a APUSH example.

DBQ vs LEQ rubric comparison

The four categories are the same across AP US, European, and World History. The DBQ adds document sourcing and a higher evidence ceiling.

CategoryDBQLEQWhat readers check
Thesis / claim1 pt1 ptHistorically defensible line of reasoning
Contextualization1 pt1 ptBroader historical situation beyond the prompt
EvidenceUp to 3 ptsUp to 2 ptsDBQ: 3+ then 4+ documents (current rubric) plus outside evidence; LEQ: specific facts used to argue
Analysis and reasoningUp to 2 ptsUp to 2 ptsDBQ: sourcing 3+ documents plus complexity; LEQ: reasoning skill plus complexity
Total7 pts6 ptsSame rubric logic; DBQ adds document mechanics

0–1

Thesis / claim

A historically defensible line of reasoning that responds to the prompt, on both the DBQ and LEQ. On a Gilded Age prompt, "industrialization changed American society" earns nothing; "industrial consolidation shifted political power toward corporate interests faster than federal regulation could follow" is defensible and arguable.

0–1

Contextualization

A broader historical situation beyond the prompt's immediate timeframe, not a second thesis sentence. APUSH prompts sit inside nine numbered periods, so the safest move is to reach into the period immediately before the prompt — Progressive Era reform makes sense against Gilded Age inequality, not against the New Deal that followed it.

0–3 (DBQ) / 0–2 (LEQ)

Evidence

DBQ: using 3+ documents, then 4+ to support an argument (current rubric), then one piece of outside evidence. LEQ: specific evidence used to support an argument. Outside evidence in APUSH means a named act, case, or figure the documents never mention: the Dawes Act, Plessy v. Ferguson, Ida B. Wells. A general reference to "westward expansion" does not earn the point.

0–2

Analysis and reasoning

DBQ: sourcing at least 3 documents, plus complexity. LEQ: a historical reasoning skill (comparison, causation, or continuity/change), plus complexity. Sourcing works well in APUSH because the document set usually mixes voices with obvious stakes — a mill owner's testimony and a labor organizer's pamphlet let you explain purpose and audience without guessing.

Total: 7 (DBQ) / 6 (LEQ) points

For a DBQ on Reconstruction, a strong contextualization sentence sets up the Civil War's end and the constitutional questions it left unresolved — not just restating the prompt's date range.

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Accuracy

95%

of our grades within 1 point

of a real AP score

Agreement

0.88

average QWK*

across 141 human-graded essays

Precision

0.50

average MAE**

points off vs human scores

across 141 human-graded essays

Volume

 

essays graded

and counting

Across 141 human-graded AP essays in FRQuick’s published June 2026 benchmark, scores landed within one point of a trained reader 95% of the time (average QWK 0.88, mean absolute error 0.50 points).

* QWK (Quadratic Weighted Kappa) measures how closely our scores match human AP graders. Our average QWK is 0.88 across 141 human-graded AP essays. Learnosity classifies 0.80+ as almost perfect agreement. Read more about our benchmarks.

** MAE (Mean Absolute Error) is the average number of points our total score differs from a human AP score. Our average MAE is 0.50 points across 141 human-graded AP essays. Lower is better.

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